Biography of Chandragupta Maurya, Indian Emperor

Chandragupta Maurya (c. 340–c. 297 BCE) was an Indian emperor who founded the Maurya Empire, which rapidly expanded across much of India into modern-day Pakistan. Maurya did battle with Alexander the Great, who invaded the Indian kingdom in 326 BCE, and prevented the Macedonian king from conquering the far side of the Ganges. Maurya went on to unite almost all of what is now India and defeat Alexanders successors. Fast Facts: Chandragupta Maurya Known For: Maurya united ancient India under the Maurya Empire in 322 BCE.Born: c. 340 BCEDied: 297 BCE in Shravanabelagola, Maurya EmpireSpouse: DurdharaChildren: Bindusara Early Life Chandragupta Maurya was reportedly born in Patna (in the modern-day Bihar state of India) sometime around 340 BCE. Scholars are uncertain of some details about his life. For example, some texts claim that both of Chandragupta’s parents were of the Kshatriya (warrior or prince) caste, while others state that his father was a king and his mother a maid from the lowly Shudra (servant) caste. It seems likely that Maurys father was Prince Sarvarthasiddhi of the Nanda Kingdom.  Chandragupta’s grandson, Ashoka the Great, later claimed a blood relationship to Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, but this claim is unsubstantiated. We know almost nothing about Chandragupta Maurya’s childhood and youth before he took on the Nanda Empire, which supports the hypothesis that he was of humble origin—no records about him exist until he founded the Maurya Empire. Maurya Empire Chandragupta was brave and charismatic—a born leader. The young man came to the attention of a famous Brahmin scholar, Chanakya, who bore a grudge against the Nanda. Chanakya began to groom Chandragupta to conquer and rule in the place of the Nanda emperor by teaching him tactics through different Hindu sutras and helping him raise an army. Chandragupta allied himself to the king of a mountain kingdom—perhaps the same Puru who had been defeated but spared by Alexander—and set out to conquer the Nanda. Initially, the upstart’s army was rebuffed, but after a long series of battles Chandragupta’s forces laid siege to the Nanda capital at Pataliputra. In 321 BCE the capital fell, and 20-year-old Chandragupta Maurya started his own kingdom. It was named the Maurya Empire. Chandragupta’s new empire stretched from what is now Afghanistan  in the west to Myanmar (Burma) in the east, and from Jammu and Kashmir in the north to the Deccan Plateau in the south. Chanakya served as the equivalent of a prime minister in the fledgling government. When Alexander the Great died in 323 BCE, his generals divided up his empire into satrapies  so that each of them would have a territory to rule, but by about 316, Chandragupta Maurya was able to defeat and incorporate all of the satrapies in the mountains of Central Asia, extending his empire to the edge of what is now Iran, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. Some sources allege that Chandragupta Maurya may have arranged for the assassination of two of the Macedonian satraps: Philip, son of Machatas, and Nicanor of Parthia. If so, it was a very precocious act even for Chandragupta—Philip was assassinated in 326  when the future ruler of the Maurya Empire was still an anonymous teenager. Conflicts With Southern India and Persia In 305 BCE, Chandragupta decided to expand his empire into eastern Persia. At the time, Persia was ruled by Seleucus I Nicator, founder of the Seleucid Empire, and a former general under Alexander. Chandragupta seized a large area in eastern Persia. As part of the peace treaty that ended this war, Chandragupta gained control of that land as well as the hand of one of Seleucus’s daughters in marriage. In exchange, Seleucus received 500 war elephants, which he put to good use at the Battle of Ipsus in 301. With as much territory as he could comfortably rule to the north and west, Chandragupta Maurya next turned his attention to the south. With an army of 400,000 (according to Strabo) or 600,000 (according to Pliny the Elder), Chandragupta conquered all of the Indian subcontinent except for Kalinga (now Odisha) on the east coast and the Tamil kingdom at the southern tip of the landmass. By the end of his reign, Chandragupta Maurya had unified almost all of the Indian subcontinent. His grandson Ashoka would go on to add Kalinga and the Tamils to the empire. Family Life The only one of Chandragupta’s queens or consorts for whom we have a name is Durdhara, the mother of his first son Bindusara. However, it is believed that Chandragupta had many more consorts. According to legend, Prime Minister Chanakya was concerned that Chandragupta might be poisoned by his enemies, and therefore  started introducing small amounts of poison into the emperor’s food in order to build up a tolerance. Chandragupta was unaware of this plan and shared some of his food with his wife Durdhara when she was pregnant with their first son. Durdhara died, but Chanakya rushed in and performed an emergency operation to remove the full-term baby. The infant Bindusara survived, but a bit of his mother’s poisoned blood touched his forehead, leaving a blue bindu—the spot that inspired his name. Little is known about Chandragupta’s other wives and children. Chandraguptas son Bindusara is likely remembered more because of his son than for his own reign. He was the father of one of India’s greatest monarchs, Ashoka the Great. Death When he was in his 50s, Chandragupta became fascinated with Jainism, an extremely ascetic belief system. His guru was the Jain saint Bhadrabahu. In 298 BCE, the emperor renounced his rule, handing over power to his son Bindusara. He then  traveled south to a cave at Shravanabelogola, now in Karnataka. There, Chandragupta meditated without eating or drinking for five weeks until he died of starvation in a practice known as sallekhana or santhara. Legacy The dynasty that Chandragupta founded would rule over India and the southern part of Central Asia until 185 BCE. Chandraguptas grandson Ashoka would follow in his footsteps in several ways—conquering territory as a young man and then becoming devoutly religious as he aged. In fact, Ashokas reign in India may be the purest expression of Buddhism in any government in history. Today, Chandragupta is remembered as the unifier of India, like Qin Shihuangdi in China, but far less bloodthirsty. Despite a paucity of records, Chandragupta’s life story has inspired novels, movies such as 1958s â€Å"Samrat Chandragupt,† and even a 2011 Hindi-language TV series. Sources Goyal, S. R.  Chandragupta Maurya. Kusumanjali Prakashan, 1987.Singh, Vasundhra.  Maurya Empire. Rudra Publishers Distributors, 2017.

The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 43 Free Essays

string(16) " did say to me\." Best Intentions Pat, It’s been a while, hopefully long enough. If you haven’t ripped up this letter already, please read until the end. As you have discovered, I am a much better writer than I am a speaker at this point in my life. We will write a custom essay sample on The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 43 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Everybody hates me. Did you know your brother came to my house and threatened to kill me if I made contact with you? His sincerity scared me – enough to keep me from writing earlier. Even my parents have reproached me for pretending to be Nikki. My therapist says my betrayal might not be forgivable, and by the way she kept repeating the word â€Å"unforgivable,† I could tell she was very disappointed in me. But the truth is, I did it for your benefit. Yes, I was hoping that once you found closure and got over Nikki, you would want to give me a shot – especially since we are such great dance partners, we both enjoy running, we are in similar housing situations, and let’s face it, we’re both fighting hard to maintain our grip on reality. We have a lot in common, Pat. I still believe you fell into my life for a reason. Because I love you, I want to tell you something I have never told anyone – except my therapist. It’s sort of screwed up, so I hope you will be able to handle it. At first I wasn’t going to tell you, but I figured the situation couldn’t get any worse, and maybe a little honesty could go a long way right now. I don’t know if you know this, but Tommy was a cop. He worked for the Meadowville Police Department and was assigned to the high school sort of as a counselor. So half of his hours were spent working with and counseling troubled teenagers, and the other half of his hours he was just a regular cop. I’m telling you this because it is important to understand that Tommy was a good man. He did not deserve to die, and his death absolutely proves that life is random and fucked-up and arbitrary, until you find someone who can make sense of it all for you – if only temporarily. Anyway, Tommy was really good with teenagers, and he even started a club at the high school designed to raise awareness about the dangers of drinking and driving. Many of the parents thought the club condoned underage drinking, because it was not an anti-underage-drinking club but just an anti-drinking-and-driving club, so Tommy had to fight really hard to keep it afloat. Tommy told me that a lot of the high school kids drank every weekend, and underage drinking was even condoned by many of the town’s parents. And the funniest thing to me was that the kids came to him and asked him to start the club because they were worried that someone was going to get hurt or die if their friends kept driving home after parties. Can you imagine talking to a cop like that when you were a teenager? That’s the kind of guy Tommy was, people trusted him instantly. So Tommy organized assemblies and even put together this teacher karaoke night where students could pay money to hear their favorite teachers perform the current hits. Tommy could talk people into doing things like that. I’d go to these events, and Tommy would be up on the stage with all those teenagers, and he’d be singing and dancing with the other teachers, all of whom he had convinced to dress up in wild costumes – and parents, students, administrators would be all smiles. You couldn’t help it, because Tommy was such a burst of positive energy. And he always gave speeches during these events – listing facts and statistics about drinking and driving. People listened to Tommy. People loved him. I loved him so fucking much, Pat. A funny thing about Tommy was he liked to have sex a lot. He always wanted to make love. I mean, as soon as he got home from work, his hands were all over me. I’d wake up every morning and he’d be on top of me. We could hardly eat a meal together without his hands sliding under the table, searching for my legs. And if Tommy was home, there was no way I’d ever get through a television show, because as soon as a commercial came on, he’d be rock hard and giving me that look. It was pretty wild, and I loved it for the first ten years of our marriage. But after ten years of nonstop sex, I got a little tired of it. I mean – life is more than sex, right? So one bright sunny morning, after we had just finished making love under the kitchen table, the teakettle whistled, so I stood and poured two cups. â€Å"I’m thinking maybe we should limit sex to so many times a week,† I said. I’ll never forget the look on his face. He looked as if I had shot him in the stomach. â€Å"Is something wrong?† he said. â€Å"Am I doing something wrong?† â€Å"No. It’s not like that at all.† â€Å"Then what?† â€Å"I don’t know. Is it normal to have sex several times a day?† â€Å"Don’t you love me anymore?† Tommy asked me with this wounded-little-boy look I still see whenever I close my eyes at night. Of course I told Tommy I loved him more than ever, but I just wanted to slow down a little with the sex. I told him I wanted to talk with him more, take walks, and find some new hobbies, so sex could be special again. â€Å"Having this much sex,† I told him, â€Å"sort of takes the magic out of it.† For some odd reason, I remember suggesting that we go horseback riding. â€Å"So you’re telling me the magic is gone?† he said, and that question was the last thing he ever did say to me. You read "The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 43" in category "Essay examples" So you’re telling me the magic is gone? I remember talking a lot after he said that, telling him we could have sex as much as he wanted and that this was just a suggestion, but he was wounded. He was looking at me suspiciously the whole time, as if I were cheating on him or something like that. But I wasn’t. I just wanted to slow down a little so I could appreciate sex more. Too much of a good thing, was all I wanted to tell him. But it was clear I had hurt him, because before I could finish explaining, he stood up and went upstairs to take a shower. He left the house without saying goodbye. I got the call at work. All I remember hearing was that Tommy was hurt and had been rushed to West Jersey Hospital. When I got to the hospital, there were a dozen men in blue uniforms, cops everywhere. Their glistening eyes told me. Later I would find out that Tommy had gone to the Cherry Hill Mall during his lunch break. They found a Victoria’s Secret bag full of lingerie in his cruiser – every piece was my size. On his way back to Meadowville, he stopped on the highway to help an elderly woman whose car had broken down. Tommy called her a tow truck, but then he stood at the nervous old lady’s window chatting with her, keeping her company while she waited. Tommy was always chatting with people like that. The cruiser was behind him, the lights were going, but he was standing at the edge of the highway’s breakdown lane. Some driver who had drunk his lunch dropped his cell phone, and when he bent down to pick it up, he pulled the wheel to the right, crossed two lanes, and †¦ The lead in the local paper read â€Å"Police Officer Thomas Reed – who was responsible for starting Meadowville High School’s Anti-Drinking-and-Driving Club – was killed by a drunk driver.† It was all so ironic, almost funny in a sadistic way. There were so many cops at his funeral. Kids from the high school made our front lawn into a living memorial – they stood on the sidewalk with candles and flowers. When I refused to go outside, these teenagers sang so sweetly to me through the first few evenings, a chorus of sad, beautiful voices. Our friends brought food, Father Carey talked to me about heaven, my parents cried with me, and Ronnie and Veronica stayed at our house for the first few weeks or so. But the only thing I could think about was how Tommy died believing I no longer wanted to have sex with him. I felt so guilty, Pat. I wanted to die. I kept thinking he would not have gone to Victoria’s Secret on his lunch break if we had not had the fight, and then he would have never passed the old woman in the broken-down car, which meant he would not have been killed. I felt so guilty. I still feel so fucking guilty. After a few weeks I went back to work, but everything in my mind got switched up. My guilt turned to need, and suddenly I was craving sex very badly. So I started to fuck men – any man who was game. All I really had to do was look at a man in that certain way, and within a few seconds I knew if they were going to fuck me. And when they did, I would close my eyes and pretend it was Tommy. To be with my husband again, I’d fuck men anywhere. In a car. In the coatroom at work. In an alley. Behind a bush. In a public restroom. Anywhere. But in my mind, it was always under the kitchen table, and Tommy had come back to me, and I had told him I wasn’t tired of having sex, but would make love to him as many times as he needed, because I loved him with all my heart. I was sick. And there was no shortage of men who were eager to capitalize on my sickness. There were men everywhere who – with glee – would fuck this mentally ill woman. Of course this led to my losing my job, therapy, and many medical tests. Luckily, I did not contract any diseases, and I’d be happy to get tested again if that ever becomes an issue for us. But even if I had contracted AIDS or whatever, it would have been worth it to me at the time, because I needed that closure. I needed that forgiveness. I needed to live out the fantasy. I needed to fuck away my guilt so I could break out of the fog I was in, to feel something, to feel anything, and begin to start my life again, which I am only now beginning to do – since we became friends. I have to admit that during Veronica’s dinner party I only thought of you as an easy lay. I sized you up in your stupid Eagles jersey and figured I could get you to fuck me, so I could pretend you were Tommy. I hadn’t done it in a long time. I no longer wanted to have sex with strangers, but you weren’t a stranger. You were handpicked by my own sister. You were a safe man with whom Ronnie was trying to set me up. So I figured I would begin to have sex with you regularly, just so I could fantasize about Tommy again. But when you held me in front of my parents’ house, and when you cried with me, things changed – in a very dramatic way. I did not understand it at first, but as we ran together and ate raisin bran at the diner and went to the beach and became friends – simply friends, without any sex to complicate things – it was sort of nice in a way I hadn’t anticipated. I just liked being around you, even if we didn’t say anything. I knew I had feelings for you when I began to cringe inwardly at the sound of Nikki’s name. It was obvious you were not ever going to get back together with your wife, so I called your mom and got her drunk at the local bar, and she told me everything about you. You didn’t see me, but I was in the driveway when she came home so loaded and you helped her into the house. I drove her home that night. After what happened to Tommy, I don’t drink at all. We’ve been meeting every week since, Pat. She needed a friend; she needed to talk to someone about your father. So I listened. At first I was just using her for information, but now we are sort of girlfriends. She did not know about the letters I was writing as Nikki, and she was really mad at me for a while after the Christmas episode, but she knows about this letter obviously, since she delivered it for me. She is a very strong and forgiving woman, Pat. She deserves better than your father, and maybe you deser ve better than me. Life is funny like that. I wrote those letters hoping to provide you with the closure I somehow found through casual sex after Tommy died. Please know I began the liaison scheme only after I was certain that Nikki would never agree to talk to you again under any circumstance. Maybe you will never be able to forgive me, but I wanted you to know I had the best intentions – and I still love you in my own fucked-up way. I miss you, Pat. I really do. Can we at least be friends? Tiffany How to cite The Silver Linings Playbook Chapter 43, Essay examples

Managing Human Resources for Recruitment -MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theManaging Human Resources for Recruitment. Answer: Human Resource Management Human resource management is an approach that allows business organisations in managing their workforce in the best possible manner (Hendry, 2012). The management of human resources has evolved since the industrial revolution and has become one of the most important functions of a business organisation. Business organisations use human resource management to carry out recruitment and selection, training and development, career development, performance management as it allows them to establish a positive workplace environment and to foster better employer-employee relations (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). Recruitment and Selection Recruitment and selection is a process that allows business organisations to identify human resource demands of their workplace, advertising the identified jobs, inviting job applications and selection the right candidate for the right job (Spurgeon, Davies, Chapman, 2015). Recruitment and selection is one of the most important core functions of a human resource managerial department as it allows a business organisation to align their human resources with the organisational goals and objectives. Call Centre Industry Call centre is a physical setup which is run by business organisations to attend the calls of their customers and solve their queries related to products and services (Rouse, n.d.). Call centres industry consists of two types of call centres. The first ones are known as inbound call centres that are operated by companies to take employee calls regarding queries related with some product or services. The second type of call centres are outbound call centres that are operated by telemarketing, solicitation, debt collection or market research. The employees working in the call centres have to attend customer calls or call them to interact with them so that they can solve their queries or can inform them about their products or services. Management of human resources in the call centre industry is a tough job for the managers. Employees working in the call centre industry usually face longer working hours and monotonous jobs, which makes their jobs boring and also makes it difficult for the employees to maintain a healthy work life balance. Further, the educational qualifications required for working in call centres is also not high and the competition in the market is very high (Karlikar, 2016). Therefore, there is a tough competition amongst the rival firms to attract and retain talented employees that can work in the call centres. This report discusses some of the major issues that the call centre industry experienced in recruiting and selecting employees. Recruitment and Selection Issues in Call Centre Industry Working in the call centre is a really tough job because the job duties and responsibilities are generally monotonous and the employees are more likely to lose a balance between their work life and personal life. The working conditions in the call centre can also increase the stress levels amongst the employees. Some of the recruitment and selection issues in the call centre industry are discussed below: First of all, attracting a talented pool of employees is one of the biggest issues for human resource managers in the call centre industry. Attracting the right people with the right potential involves much more than placing advertisements in a newspaper. It is really tough for the human resource managers to look for people who are ready to work in such a complex environment and adapt to the workplace environment (Omar, 2012). In the modern day world, millennials are looking for jobs that are interesting and can keep them engaged. They are also preferring those jobs that can offer them flexible working options so that they can maintain a healthier balance between their work lives and personal lives. Therefore, human resource managers working in the call centre industry find it really difficult to attract talented employees as the fresh talent is less interested to work in such complex working environment. Secondly, fluctuating human resource demands is another key issue in the call centre industry that haunts the human resource managers. Recruitment and selection relies highly upon the ability of an organisation to forecast the human resource demands of its workplace in the coming future and identifying the right methods to fulfil the demand identified. Because of complexity of the job, employees working in the call centres are not able to stay engaged in their jobs because their job becomes boring and monotonous after a while. Further, the lack of a healthy work life balance results in increased stress levels amongst the employees, which results in the employees becoming dissatisfied with their jobs. As a result, their tendency to quit the call centres increases exponentially, because of which, the industry experiences very high employee turnover rates (Flatworldsolutions, n.d.). To compensate for the human resources that leave a call centre, human resource managers have to continuou sly search for potential candidates that can fill up the vacancies and this continuous hunt for candidates increases the expenditure of the human resource managerial department, which ultimately increases the operational costs of the companies. Thirdly, one of the biggest issues that the call centre industry faces is the limitation of budgets that their companies put on them. Most of the companies believe that call centres are an added burden on their resources as they do not provide adequate return on the investments. Therefore, the companies have a greater tendency to save their resources for something that can be much more useful than a call centre. The tight budget allocated to the call centres makes it very difficult for the human resource managers to carry out recruitment and selection procedures efficiently. The managers are less likely to invest in powerful sources of media that can help them in targeting the right audience, which makes it difficult for them to attract quality talent and increase the return on the resources invested in recruitment and selection process (Lindner, 2015). Fourthly, defining a clear cut recruitment and selection procedure is another issue when it comes to carrying out recruitment and selection processes in the call centre industry. In the call centre industry, companies allocate very less budget and resources for the management of the human resources. The lack of job applicants and the need to fulfil vacancies as quickly as possible makes it difficult for the call centre companies to find the right fit for the right job (Coxon, 2010). Most of the times, call centres are in urgent need of employees and are more likely to recruit a candidate without assessing him or her using psychometric or psychological tests. Failure of the call centre companies to assess the personality traits, attitude, aptitude, job commitment and other important factors reduces their chances of finding the right fit for the right job, which ultimately causes settlement issues for the recruited candidates, who then leave their jobs and add up to the employee turnov er rates. Recommendations to Deal with Recruitment Issues in the Call Centre Industry The issues that the call centre industry faces in relation to recruitment and selection of employees are some of the most critical issues that can have a long lasting impact on the market position of a company. Therefore, it is important that the human resource managers working in the call centre industry to come up with certain strategies that will enable them in mitigating these issues and ensuring organisational success for their companies. Some recommendations that can help business organisations in dealing with the above mentioned issues are discussed below: First of all, human resource managers operating in the call centre industries will have to start taking workforce planning more seriously. Workforce planning is a concept that can allow business organisations in forecasting the human resource demands of their business units in the upcoming future and preparing themselves to fulfil the demand by selecting appropriate recruitment and selection techniques. Human resource managers should take different factors into account, such as employee turnover rates, promotions, job rotations, etc. and should be able to forecast the human resource demands of their call centres with a greater accuracy. Having a better knowledge about the human resource demands of the call centres will allow the human resource managers to strengthen their recruitment and selection process and being ready with adequate number of candidates even before a job gets vacant in the company. Secondly, companies should open up their minds and should understand the important of having an efficient call canter business. Companies that have competent call centres that can provide assistance and help to their customers at all point of time will definitely have a competitive edge over their rivals because the modern day customers attach a high value to after sales customer care services before buying a product or a service. Business organisations should start allocating greater resources for the management of call centres and the human resource departments operating in the call centre industry should use these resources to attract a larger pool of talented employees. Further, the increase in budget for the management of call centres will also enable the managers to offer more incentives and perks to the employees, which will ultimately help in engaging the existing workforce and attracting new candidates. Thirdly, the companies working in the call centre industries should also use human resource management systems to optimise their workforce. Call centre companies can implement human resource management systems in the workplace that can store information and data related to employees and their performance levels (The Univeristy of British Columbia, n.d.). Storing and analysing this information on a regular basis will help the call centre companies in strengthening their workplace planning strategies and identifying fluctuations in human resource demand and supply patterns. Using human resource management systems, call centre companies can also identify peak work hours and arranging for sufficient human resource during those hours to avoid fluctuations (Cyriac, 2015). Furthermore, using human resource management systems in the call centre industry can help the companies in becoming more productive and efficient as it will enable them to manage their human resources in a much better way . Fourthly, companies operating in the call centre industries urgently need to strengthen their recruitment and selection procedures by preparing accurate job descriptions and specifications and also by designing a hierarchical step for testing the candidates. Human resource managers working in the call centre industries should be able to design testing procedures that can assist them in analysing the candidates on the basis of psychological and psychometric tests. Assessing the candidates on such terms will allow them to predict the behaviour of the candidates while working in a specific work set up. As a result, human resource managers will be able to identify whether a candidate will be able to adjust in a call centre environment and will be able to perform even if the job is less interesting or gets monotonous after a short while. Ultimately, the managers will be able to find the right fit for the right jobs at the right point of time and ensure that they stay with the organisation for a longer period of time, which will also help the companies in dealing with high employee turnover rates. Conclusion The call centre industry is one of the toughest industries as only a competent human resource managerial department can ensure long term survival and success for a company. Because of complex and difficult job conditions and work environment, the call centre industry faces a number of issues in relation with employee recruitment and selection. Employee recruitment and selection is of a great strategic importance to the human resource managers and can be used to bridge the gap between failure and success. As a result, it is important for all those companies, which are working in the call centre industry, to analyse their recruitment issues and look into the above recommendations to strengthen their recruitment and selection procedures. Bibliography Hendry, C. (2012). Human Resource Management . Routledge. Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014). Armstrong's Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice . Kogan Page Publishers. Spurgeon, P., Davies, R., Chapman, A. (2015). Elements of Applied Psychology. Elements of Applied Psychology. Rouse, M. (n.d.). call center . Retrieved May 27, 2017, from searchcrm.techtarget.com: https://searchcrm.techtarget.com/definition/call-center Karlikar, N. (2016, October 16). Dark side of call centre industry growing . Retrieved May 26, 2017, from timesofindia.indiatimes.com: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Dark-side-of-call-centre-industry-growing/articleshow/54874835.cms Omar. (2012, August 20). The 5 Biggest Challenges for Call Center Managers. Retrieved May 26, 2017, from fonolo.com: https://fonolo.com/blog/2012/08/call-center-challenges/ Flatworldsolutions. (n.d.). 12 Major Challenges Faced by the Call Center Industry . Retrieved May 26, 2017, from www.flatworldsolutions.com: https://www.flatworldsolutions.com/call-center/articles/major-challenges-callcenter-industry.php Lindner, S. (2015, August 25). Call Center Agent Recruiting Selection: Is a single competency profile enough? . Retrieved May 27, 2017, from www.workplacegroup.com: https://www.workplacegroup.com/call-center-agent-recruiting-selection-is-a-single-competency-profile-enough/ Coxon, A. (2010, September 15). The Top Ten Call Centre Problems . Retrieved May 26, 2017, from www.callcentrehelper.com: https://www.callcentrehelper.com/the-top-ten-call-centre-problems-12637.htm Cyriac, F. (2015, August 27). Top 5 Challenges Call Center Managers Face Today . Retrieved May 27, 2017, from www.ameyo.com: https://www.ameyo.com/blog/call-center-management-challenges The Univeristy of British Columbia. (n.d.). HR Information Systems . Retrieved May 27, 2017, from www.hr.ubc.ca: https://www.hr.ubc.ca/information-systems/hrms/

Air and Water Pollution essay Essay Example

Air and Water Pollution essay Paper The chemical composition of the atmosphere today is so different as compared to the atmosphere that existed before the Industrial Revolution, 1760 1830. To define air pollution, we should first consider all those sources that release harmful chemicals into the atmosphere and alter its chemical composition. First of all, all anthropogenic (man-made) emissions are air pollutants. Next, is the natural emission which can be divided into boogieing and genetic. Boogieing emissions result from the living world such as volatile organic compound emissions from forests and CHI emissions from swamp. On the other hand, genetic emissions are from the non-living world, such as volcanic emissions, sea-salt emissions, and natural fires. So, keeping all these sources in mind, air pollutant can be defined as any substance that is released into the air from anthropogenic, boogieing and genetic sources, which is maybe not a component of the natural atmosphere or which is present in higher concentrations than it is present naturally in the atmosphere, and may impose harmful effects either in short or long terms. Therefore, air pollution can be defined as the presence of harmful substances n the atmosphere which is maybe not a component of the natural atmosphere or which is present in higher concentrations than it is naturally present in the atmosphere, that can impose short or long term effects, which is emitted by either anthropogenic, boogieing or genetic sources. AIR POLLUTANTS Air pollutants can be divided into primary and secondary pollutants. We will write a custom essay sample on Air and Water Pollution essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Air and Water Pollution essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Air and Water Pollution essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Both primary and secondary pollutants are known to cause harm if present in high concentrations. Primary pollutants are those that emitted directly into the atmosphere, such as the Carbon compounds(CO,CA,CHI,and Vics), Nitrogen compounds(NO,NON,and NH), Sulfur compounds(HAS and SIS), Halogen compounds(chlorides, fluorides, and bromides), and Particulate Matter or aerosols. (refer to the table below for Particulate Matter categories). PARTICLE SIZE DESCRIPTION [emailprotected] because small enough to pass completely through the respiratory system and enter into bloodstream < 2. 5 microns PM2. 5, labeled 'fine' in the US < 0. 1 microns PMO. I, labeled 'ultrafine' table constructed by using information from : http://mvw. aiha. org/abs05/ pol 05. htm and http://wvvw. greenfacts. org/glossary/pqrs/PM1 0-PM2. 5- PMo. 1. htm ) Whereas, secondary pollutants are formed in the atmosphere from the primary pollutants (precursors). The examples of those are NON and HON. (from NO), Ozone,03 (from photochemical reactions of nitrogen oxides and Voss), sulfuric acid droplets (from SIS) and nitric acid droplets (from NON), sulfates aerosols (from sulfuric acid droplets + NH ) , nitrates aerosols (from nitric acid droplets + NH) and organic aerosols formed from Voss in gas-to- article reaction. Acid rain is a result of the wet and dry deposition of these pollutants. In the following page, the health effects imposed by these pollutants are discussed. However, this primary and secondary pollutants are now divided into a smaller scope, namely outdoor and indoor pollutants.

The five most annoying ways to use an ellipsis - Emphasis

The five most annoying ways to use an ellipsis The five most annoying ways to use an ellipsis The three little innocent-looking dots of an ellipsis () probably carry more power to annoy and confuse your readers than any other punctuation mark. Apostrophe mistakes look harmless in comparison. Nobody seriously reads ‘orange’s 45p’ and assumes that the orange must own a small amount of loose change. Ellipses, by contrast, can completely change the tone and meaning of what you write. And people who misuse them often don’t realise what they’re doing. Here are five ways not to use an ellipsis. 1. Using them like a written erm Trailing off in the middle of sentences in spoken conversation is common and almost unavoidable. (Unless you’re Oscar Wilde – WB Yeats said Wilde was the first person he’d met who spoke in perfect sentences.) But it’s rarely necessary to do this in writing. In spoken conversation, you can rely on various cues to tell you whether the other person understands what you’re saying, and clarify as needed. But in writing, you need to be clear first time. Many writers use ellipses like written equivalents of ‘erm’ and ‘er’, but this can be confusing and frustrating for the reader. To avoid inadvertently creating a ‘fill in the blanks’ puzzle, force yourself to finish your sentences. This might mean you have to do a bit more work before pressing send – quite possibly work you were trying to avoid. But just console yourself with the knowledge that you’re sending out a little more good sense into the world. Compare these emails: ‘I haven’t had the full invitation to tender back yet whom do I talk to? no idea about the competitors haven’t started the tender not sure about our solution or details.’ ‘I haven’t received the full invitation to tender document yet. And I only know the bare bones of the solution we’re going to propose. At this stage, I don’t even know whom to talk to about getting all the necessary information (about costs, materials, people) together. Do you have any suggestions?’ Concrete writing like this will naturally take longer than simply typing the first things that come to mind. But the extra time you spend focusing on what you’re actually saying, and why, will help clarify your message both for you and your reader, and ultimately increase your chances of getting the kind of response you want. If you need to create a pause (a purposeful one, not an ‘erm’), consider using an en-dash instead of an ellipsis. It feels much more confident, especially when you need to link related parts of a sentence – like this. 2. Trailing off for no reason An ellipsis at the end of a sentence implies that the writer has trailed off. But why has the writer trailed off? Are they suggesting something? Does it represent a nudge or a wink? Those three little dots suggest something is going on, but give the reader no clue about what it might be. This can make otherwise straightforward sentences confusing and (occasionally) somewhat unsettling. Compare these sentences: ‘It’s not a problem for us to meet on Monday.’ ‘It’s not a problem for us to meet on Monday ’ The trailing off in the second example could suggest the writer is having doubts (perhaps it is a problem). Or maybe it expresses confusion about why a meeting is even necessary. Or, if the writer is a chronic ellipsis-abuser, it may mean nothing at all.  The reader must then judge what the meaning might be, or ask for clarification. If you’re unsure about meeting on Monday, say so and explain why. For example: ‘It’s not a problem for us to meet on Monday, but I’m not sure if that will be helpful because John won’t be here and we need his input.’ 3. Three is the magic number Some style guides recommend writing an ellipsis as three full stops: Some prefer three full stops with spaces between them: . . . And some tell you to use a special ellipsis character (PC shortcut: ALT+0133, Mac shortcut: ALT+semicolon): †¦ Whichever you use (we prefer three full stops without spaces, except on Twitter), all style guides agree that ellipses are three dots long. Not four, or two (and five is right out). You may see what appears to be a four-dot ellipsis at the end of some sentences (eg ‘And then John fell asleep .). This is in fact an ellipsis with a full stop at the end. You may also sometimes see three dots, a space and then a further dot (eg ‘And then John fell asleep .). Again, style guides vary on this. 4. Omitting crucial parts of a quotation You’ll often find that you need to condense quotes, and you can use an ellipsis to show that you’ve removed parts of the original. But be careful. To be completely transparent, you need to be sure that you’re not changing the meaning of what somebody has said. Take this remark from US President Coolidge and the often-quoted condensed version: ‘The chief business of the American people is business’ ‘The business of the American people is business’ This changes the meaning of his sentence. The original version says that business is the most important concern, whereas in the second it sounds as if business is the only important thing. 5. Implying you have more to say when you haven’t This is a very particular kind of trailing off, and possibly the most annoying of all. It often implies that what needs to be said is so obvious to the (knowledgeable) writer that it should be obvious to the reader, too. This can backfire badly – at worst, it can appear smug or condescending. For example: ‘That’s a good plan, but there are important considerations ’ This kind of ellipsis is more suited to enigmatic status updates on social media (’OMG some people are so annoying ’), not that we advocate that sort of thing. For business it’s better to spell things out. Ask yourself why you’re tempted to use an ellipsis, get the answer straight in your head, then politely say that instead: ‘That’s a good plan, but I’m worried about how expensive it is. We’re also working on so many other projects that I’m not sure we’ll have the time to spare’. Use with caution Like many of the best things in life, ellipses are fine when used well and in moderation, but troublesome when used recklessly. (OK, OK, we’re sounding like your dad now.) So keep using them, if you wish, but do so consciously. And if you catch yourself dot-dot-dotting to cop out of saying what you actually mean, take a moment’s pause. What is likely to be the most positive approach in the long run? At work, usually, clarity is king. Sure, overused ellipses are annoying but good writing at work is about far more than just airing our personal peeves. Its about communicating effectively and efficiently, in a way which informs, inspires and persuades others. Thats why weve distilled our 18 years experience working with over 40,000 professionals in every sector and industry into a 64-page guide, The Write Stuff. Its ideal if you write emails, reports, bids or any other business document. Download your free copy of The Write Stuff today.

Global Demographics and the Death Penalty Essay

Global Demographics and the Death Penalty - Essay Example However, global patterns can be examined which can help uncover the underlying indicators that are common to countries that have the death penalty. The fair institution of the death penalty can be evaluated in the United States. Research can show the motivations, targets, and eventual victims of capital punishment in the world and in the United States. Two thirds of the world's countries have abolished the death penalty either in law or in practice and membership in the European Union requires its abolishment. There are still 69 countries that maintain and practice capital punishment. China, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the USA were responsible for 94% of the known executions that took place in 2005. China had the greatest numbers of executions and though accurate data is difficult to obtain, at least 1,170 people were confirmed executed in 2005. Other estimates for China range as high as 8.000 ("Facts and Figures"). Though China had the greatest number, on a per capita basis Saudi Arabia had the largest percentage of its population executed. A Saudi was almost five times as likely to be executed than a Chinese and eighteen times as likely as an American. Saudi Arabia's unusually high rate is due to the wide range of crimes that are punishable by death. Renouncing of Islam, witchcraft, sexual offenses, drug dealing, and corruption can all carry a death sentence. China uses the death penalty for criminal activities that range from murder to economic crimes. It should be noted that both China and Saudi Arabia are highly guarded societies. Their legal system is extremely secretive and people charged are afforded almost no legal rights as we perceive them in the United States. There may be no right to an appeal and execution may take place on the same day as sentencing. The denial of rights and the broad range of crimes account for the high rates of executions in both China and Saudi Arabia. While methods of execution have evolved in some countries, others such as Afghanistan and Iran still use the barbaric means of stoning. In nearby Saudi Arabia, beheading is the method of choice. China still uses the firing squad but is slowly moving towards lethal injection. Hanging, which the United States has only recently moved away from, is still found in Japan and Egypt. Electrocution is used only in the United States though most executions are carried out through the more humane method of lethal injection ("Facts and Figures"). Support for the death penalty usually comes from extreme religious positions or totalitarian regimes. The high rate in China is perpetuated by the tyranny of ideology and reflects the mass executions of political foes that have occasionally cropped up around the globe. Castro executed an estimated 1,000 members of the opposition in his first 3 months of power. Still, the mainstay of support for capital punishment is religion. In Iran and Saudi Arabia, the ruling theocracy condemns prisoners for crimes against Islam. In the United States the support comes from biblical justification. In the Scandinavian countries, which are less religious, capital punishment is banned and has little support. Though the Catholic Church officially denounces capital punishment, American Catholics favor the death penalty in greater numbers than the general population (Davis and Smith). Davis and Smith also report

Epidemiology and Public Health Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Epidemiology and Public Health - Research Paper Example The monarch lives in Buckingham Palace. Parliament meets in Westminster Palace. The borough has an important railroad terminal (Paddington). In Westminster are the administrative offices of the British Broadcasting Corp.; London's chief shopping district; Harley St., a center of medical practice; and a clothing industry. Westminster School is a leading public school, founded in the 14th cent and reestablished by Queen Elizabeth I in 1560(Encyclopedia). Westminster Cathedral, Westminster Abbey, Saint James's Palace, the National Gallery, the Tate Gallery, the imposing Central Mosque, the Imperial College of Science and Technology, St. James's Park, Hyde Park, parts of Regent's Park and Kensington Gardens, Mme Tussaud's waxworks, and Kensal Green Cemetery, resting place of several literary figures are other notable features of the borough of Westminster (Encyclopedia) . The data on population other demographic variables of the borough of Westminster have been collected from the office for National Statistics. For the purpose of the course work these data have been rearranged and presented by means of a pyramid (Figure 1.1). The data belong to the period of 2006 and it mainly exhibits the data relating to male and female and their age group. The following table (Table 1.1) and the pyramid (Figure 1.1) exhibits the entire data in a more comprehensible way. Table 1.1- Sex-wise Demographic Data Age Group Male Female Total 0-4 5900 5800 11700 5-9 4600 4500 9100 9-14 4000 3800 7800 15-19 5300 5100 10400 20-24 10800 12600 23400 25-29 15400 16800 32200 30-34 15700 13700 29400 35-39 12200 9500 21700 40-44 8900 7800 16700 45-49 6700 6400 13100 50-54 5000 5400 10400 55-59 5600 5900 11500 60-64 4300 4800 9100 65-69 3300 3600 6900 70-74 2800 3400 6200 75-79 2400 2800 5200 80-84 1600 2200 3800 85 + 1200 2000 3200 Table no.1.2 Population for Westminster, 2006 Age Group Males Females 0-4 5900 5800 5-9 4600 4500 10-14 4000 3800 15-19 5300 5100 20-24 10800 12600 25-29 15400 16800 30-34 15700 13700 35-39 12200 9500 40-44 8900 7800 45-49 6700 6400 50-54 5000 5400 55-59 5600 5900 60-64 4300 4800 65-69 3300 3600 70-74 2800 3400 75-79 2400 2800 80-84 1600 2200 85+ 1200 2000 Total 115900 116000 Total Population 231900 Table 1.3: Resident Population Estimates by Age Group and Sex Westminster Borough MALE FEMALE Age Group Population Total Percentage Age Group Population Total Percentage 0-4 5900 115900 5 0-4 5800 116000 5 5-9 4600 115900 3.96 5-9 4500 116000 3.87 9-14 4000 115900 3.45 9-14 3800 116000 3.27 15-19 5300 115900 4.57 15-19 5100 116000 4.39 20-24 10800 115900 9.31 20-24 12600 116000 10.86 25-29 15400 115900 13.28 25-29 16800 116000 14.48 30-34 15700 115900 13.54 30-34 13700 116000 11.81 35-39 12200 115900 10.52 35-39 9500 116000 8.18 40-44 8900 115900 7.67 40-44 7800 116000 6.72 45-49 6700 115900 5.78 45-49 6400 116000 5.51 50-54 5000 115900 4.31 50-54 5400 116000 4.65 55-59 5600 115900 4.83 55-59 5900 116000 5.08 60-64 4300 115900 3.71 60-64 4800 116000 4.13 65-69 3300 115900 2.84 65-69 3600 116000 3.10 70-74 2800 115900 2.41 70-74 3400 116000 2.93 75-79 2400 115900 2.07 75-79 2800 116000 2.41 80-84 1600 115900 1.38 80-84 2200 116000 1.89 85